Early Years and Family History: Mohammad Najibullah Ahmadzai, known widely as Najibullah, was born into a prominent Pashtun family in Gardez, Paktia Province. His father, Akhtar Mohammad Khan, was a well-respected local leader, and his family enjoyed a relatively affluent lifestyle. Najibullah pursued his early education in Kabul, showcasing a keen intellect and leadership qualities from a young age.
Education and Medical Career: Najibullah moved to Kabul for higher education and attended Kabul University, where he studied medicine. He graduated with a medical degree and briefly worked as a doctor, which earned him the nickname “Najib the Doctor.” His medical background provided him with a solid foundation in analytical thinking and problem-solving.
Political Rise: Najibullah’s entry into politics began with his involvement in the People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA). He joined the PDPA in the 1960s, aligning with the Parcham faction, which advocated for socialist principles. His dedication and political acumen quickly propelled him to the forefront of the party.
In 1978, the PDPA seized power through the Saur Revolution, overthrowing President Mohammed Daoud Khan. Najibullah was appointed head of the Afghan intelligence agency, KHAD (Khidamat-e Aetla’at-e Dawlati), where he played a crucial role in consolidating the new regime’s power.
Presidency and Challenges: In 1986, Najibullah became the General Secretary of the PDPA and subsequently the President of Afghanistan, succeeding Babrak Karmal. His tenure was marked by significant challenges, including internal strife, external pressure from the Mujahideen, and a deteriorating economic situation.
Hardships and Downfall: Najibullah’s presidency faced immense opposition from Mujahideen forces, who were backed by the United States and Pakistan. The withdrawal of Soviet troops in 1989 further weakened his government. Despite initiating a policy of national reconciliation and attempting to negotiate peace, Najibullah’s efforts were unsuccessful.
In 1992, his government collapsed, and Kabul fell to Mujahideen forces. Najibullah sought refuge in the United Nations compound in Kabul, where he remained for four years under house arrest. His attempts to leave the country were thwarted by the changing political landscape.
Real Name: Mohammad Najibullah Ahmadzai
Date of Birth: August 6, 1947
Birth Place: Gardez, Paktia Province, Afghanistan
Residence: (Historical) Kabul, Afghanistan; (later years) Delhi, India
Profession: Politician, President of Afghanistan, Medical Doctor
Nationality: Afghan
Religion: Islam (Sunni)
Partner: Fatana Najibullah
Father: Akhtar Mohammad Khan
Mother: Khairkhwah
Horoscope: Leo
Age: Deceased at age 49
Height: Approximately 6 feet (1.83 meters)
Body Type: Average build
Eye Color: Dark brown
Hair Color: Black